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Table 1 Demographic, clinical, and methodological characteristics of included studies on non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas

From: Metabolic complications and clinical outcomes of non-functioning adrenal incidentalomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis

First author

Country

Design

Year

N

M/F

Follow-up (months)

Age at initial diagnosis (years)

BMI (kg/m2)

Post-DST cortisol (nmol/l)

Surgical Method

Reasons for Surgery

Remde H et al. 2023 [6]

German

Retrospective

2023

123

54/69

105.6*

57.0*

N/A

35.7*

N/A

N/A

Podbregar A et al. 2021 [17]

Slovenia

Prospective

2021

67

20/47

126.1*

57.9*

27.42*

28*

N/A

N/A

Araujo-Castro M et al. 2021 [18]

Spain

Retrospective

2021

305

136/169

41.3*

61.5

29.3

32.95

N/A

N/A

Falcetta P et al. 2020 [19]

Italy

Retrospective

2020

209

77/132

31.4*

57.3

28.8

30.21*

N/A

N/A

Ruiz A et al. 2019 [20]

Spain

Retrospective

2019

70

40/30

48*

66.4

N/A

N/Aa

N/A

N/A

Hong AR et al. 2017 [21]

Korea

Retrospective

2017

193

N/A

34.8*

57.2

N/A

N/Aa

N/A

N/A

Patrova J et al. 2017 [22]

Sweden

Retrospective

2017

204

82/122

62.4

60.5

28.7

32.3

N/A

N/A

Papanastasiou L et al. 2016 [23]

Greece

Prospective

2016

51

15/36

66.48

56.5

28.3

30.35

N/A

N/A

Xu TY et al. 2014 [7]

China

Retrospective

2014

109

50/59

24

53.6

24.5

33.23

N/A

N/A

Vasilev V et al. 2014 [24]

Bulgaria

Retrospective

2014

94

N/A

18*

53.2

28.7

N/Aa

N/A

N/A

Dalmazi GD et al. 2014 [25]

Italy

Retrospective

2014

129

52/77

90

61.3

28.5

31.2

N/A

N/A

Ng VW et al. 2010 [26]

Chinese

Hong Kong

Retrospective

2010

61

N/A

30.2*

57.4

N/A

N/Aa

N/A

N/A

Yener S et al. 2010 [27]

Turkey

Prospective

2010

120

N/A

24*

56.3

N/A

36.52

N/A

N/A

Giordano R et al. 2010 [28]

Italy

Prospective

2010

102

41/61

36*

61.9

26.8

43.94

N/A

N/A

Vassilatou E et al. 2009 [29]

Greece

Prospective

2009

57

N/A

60*

58

30.7

21.7

N/A

N/A

Vilar L et al. 2008 [30]

Brazil

Retrospective

2008

22

N/A

24.8

50.3

N/A

N/Aa

N/A

N/A

Xia WJ et al. 2016 [31]

China

Retrospective

2016

90

38/52

59.2

50.86

26.49

29.93

Total or partial adrenalectomy (transabdominal or retroperitoneoscopic)

Surgery for high blood pressure

Xu TY et al. 2014 [7]

China

Retrospective

2014

77

32/45

24

52.2

24.9

34.33

Total or partial adrenalectomy

Tumor diameter ≥ 4 cm, growth on imaging, concurrent laparoscopic procedures, patient preference because of metabolic issues

Vasilev V et al. 2014 [24]

Bulgaria

Retrospective

2014

38

N/A

18

53.2

N/A

N/Aa

Adrenalectomy (specific method not mentioned)

Tumor size > 40 mm, suspected malignancy, hormone hypersecretion, tumor growth during follow-up

Bernini G et al. 2003 [32]

Italy

Prospective

2003

9

1/8

12

50.5

N/A

N/Aa

Laparoscopic adrenalectomy

Tumor diameter > 3.5 cm, malignant imaging features, tumor growth

  1. Most of the above data are averages, using the median for large dispersion*
  2. Most were tested with 1 mg overnight dexamethasone, while a few articles performed 2-day 2 mg DST involving the administration of 0.5 mg oral dexamethasone given every 6 h for 48 h [7, 19, 23, 27, 28, 30]
  3. N Number of NFAI patients, M/F Male/Female, DST Dexamethasone suppression test, N/A Not Applicable
  4. All patients included were tested for low-dose dexamethasone, but average values were not provided in some articlesa
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BMC Endocrine Disorders

ISSN: 1472-6823

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